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The role of sipping in the nutritional support of geriatric patients
Ondrová, Ellen ; Vágnerová, Tereza (advisor) ; Mádlová, Pavla (referee)
Introduction: Malnutrition is a significant problem in old age. Malnutrition is present in 30 - 70 % of hospitalized elderly and its consequences are severe. Systematic screening and early treatment are essential to ensure and maintain good health in the elderly and are an integral part of overall geriatric care. Nutritional support with sipping - oral nutriti- onal supplements (ONS) is one of the basic approaches in the management of malnutriti- on in geriatric patients. Aim of the thesis: The main aim of this thesis was to evaluate the intake of sipping in geri- atric patients and to monitor possible pitfalls in its use. To answer the main objective, four research questions were set to provide the following answers: 1. What proportion of the total energy intake (CEP) of a patient is from diet and from sipping, and how does gender and age affect energy intake from sipping ? 2. What proportion does dietary and sipping protein make up of the patient's prescribed intake? 3. Will the diet, including sipping, cover the patient's energy and protein needs? 4. Will patients drink their prescribed dose of sipping, and will certain factors such as education by the nutritional therapist and ability to eat affect the patient's in- take of sipping? Research methods: Quantitative research in the form of data...
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The issue of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients
BERNATÍKOVÁ, Andrea
Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Aims of the thesis: Find out which interventions nurses are practicing to prevent pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Explore the nurses' experience in treating pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Methodology and research set: To achieve the objectives, research questions were created. What are the interventions used to prevent pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients? What is the experience of nurses in treating pressure ulcers in the selected institutes? The empirical part of this bachelor´s thesis was created using a qualitative research method. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews which were conducted with nurses at selected departments of three hospitals in the South Bohemian Region. The research sample "nurses" consists of 15 nurses in total, each with a minimal experience of 3 years. The interviews were complemented by a long-term direct, participant observation involving 5 nurses from one of the three South Bohemian hospitals in the selected department. The data obtained were processed using the pen and paper interviewing method (PAPI). Open coding was used and the data were then sorted into eight categories and 15 subcategories. Results: The results of the survey showed that the nurses encounter the issue of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients almost on daily basis. Nurses were able to list the interventions used in the prevention of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Our investigation revealed that some nurses did not take the same action in practice when compared to their statements and described their practices in treating pressure ulcers among geriatric patients only in theory. They are knowledgeable about treating pressure ulcers patients but in practice they do not abide by certain principles. These include the use of protective equipment during bandaging, adherence to indications, communication with the patient, monitoring the patient's general condition, maintaining sterility, supervision and care of the area around pressure ulcers. Recommendations for practice: We recommend the inclusion of more courses about the topic of pressure ulcers in nurse education as it is essential to have sufficient information and regular education to provide quality care. We also recommend that in addition to theoretical knowledge nurses should be given practical training in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.
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FRAGILITY AS A TOPICAL NURSING PROBLEM
ŽÁKOVÁ, Jaroslava
Introduction: Frailty within geriatrics is still more viewed as a current problem in the world than in the Czech Republic and it is more commonly mentioned. We can say that in the Czech Republic this problematic is still developing, updates and is trying to find its place in nursing as such. Objective: The objective of the presented thesis is to find out if frailty is perceived as a current problematic in the current geriatric nursing. Further, we focused on the geriatric nursing and specifics of nursing care in this field; on what is the awareness of medical staff at aftercare department about geriatric frailty and in which way, within nursing care, they apply their gained knowledge in practice. Methodology and research sample: To achieve the set objective the qualitative research conducted using the technique of semi-structured interview with nurses at aftercare department was used. The basis of this interview was 24 open questions which were predetermined and are documented in attachments (attachment 1) of the thesis. During the interview these questions were extended as needed by additional questions. The interviews were conducted with 10 general nurses at aftercare department of one unnamed South Bohemian hospital. The analysis of interviews was done using open coding paper-and-pencil and the individual information were classified into categories and subcategories. The results grant us comprehensive overview on the nursing care at aftercare departments within the geriatric nursing, utilization of knowledge of nurses about geriatric frailty within their practice and whether nurses perceive the concepts such as geriatric patient, geriatric syndromes and the already mentioned geriatric frailty. It was found out that some addressed nurses at aftercare department of one unnamed South Bohemian hospital never heard some of the mentioned terms and never registered them during their practice either. Other nurses say that they only heard those terms during their college studies, but they also agree that they never met them during their practice. Despite that, all nurses were able to accurately and aptly characterize the terms geriatric patient, geriatric syndromes and geriatric frailty based on their experience and knowledge. Furthermore, it was proven that they realize frailty during the care for patient and can apply their knowledge in nursing care. Conclusion and practical use: The results of the submitted thesis will serve as a template for educational seminar.
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Falls in Geriatric Patients at the Follow-up Care Department
CARDOVÁ, Lenka
This diploma thesis is dedicated to falls in geriatric patients in the aftercare department. Thesis Objectives: To carry out a complex analysis of multifactorial causes in chosen cases of geriatric patients that occured during hospitalization in a chosen aftercare workplace from 2020 through 2021 in Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. To carry out SWOT analysis of a chosen aftercare workplace in Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. with the objective to evaluate interventions used in preventing falls of patients hospitalized in the given workplace. Suggestion of recommendation to improve current practice of the chosen aftercare workplace in Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. in preventing falls in hospitalized patients. Methodology and Research File: To reach the objectives, three research questions were chosen. What are multifactorial causes of chosen cases of falls in geriatric patients in the chosen aftercare workplace? What interventions are used to prevent falls in geriatric patients in the chosen aftercare workplace? What interventions might improve current practice in preventing falls in hospitalized geriatric patients in the chosen aftercare workplace? To implement a survey, a qualitative research strategy was chosen. For case study purposes, the following data collection techniques were used - medical documentation content analysis, reporting adverse events, controlled documentation etc., semi-structured interviews with doctors in specific fall cases. In the following part of the survey, where we were finding out about the intervention used and intervention meant for improving the current practice in fall prevention, semi-structured interviews were carried out with doctors and nurses. Interviews with the nurses were completed by participant observations. Based on the survey results, a SWOT analysis was processed. The research file consisted of 14 chosen falls that happened in hospitalized geriatric patients in the aftercare department from 2020 through 2021, of 12 nurses working in the aftercare department, of 9 doctors that were informed of a fall. A deliberate choice of both nurses and doctros was used, the criterium for being included in the research file was the minimum of a year-long practice in the aftercare deparment. The obtained data was processed using the pen-and-paper method, open coding, and data was subsequently categorized and noted down into tables and schemes. Results: Complex analysis of multifactorial causes of chosen fall cases proved that falls happened due to internal as well as external factors. The risk of a fall was increased by the pateints´ age, morbidity, polypharmacotherapy, cognitive deficit, sarcopenia, fragility syndrome, instability, bed siderails lifted, and human resource failure. Based on the results, we carried out SWOT analysis and we suggested a recommendation to improve the current practice in the chosen aftercare workplace. Practice Recommendations: Based on the survey, we would recommend for a repetitive evaluation of the risk of patients falling to be carrried out. Another recommendation would be educating the nursing staff in the area of fall prevention, in the area of communicating with geriatric patients and patients suffering from dementia. Further on, we would recommend ensuring the use of suitable positioning aids and securing a movement-detection system inside the bed. Last but not least, we would recommend increasing numbers of nursing staff.
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View of the patient and a view of the nurse on quality of life
Portlová, Emilie ; Mareš, Jiří (advisor) ; Vaňková, Dana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the quality of life of polymorbid women patients, seniors hospitalized in the institution of subsequent care. The aim of the work was to determine whether and to what extent there is a diference between the selected patients' view and the nurses' view of the patients'quality of life. The theoretical part primarily focuses on the old age and ageing process, its causes, positive and negative sides, and therapy options in terms of scientific studies. It also describes the terms related to the bachelor thesis, such as geriatrics, geriatric patient, but also the concept of quality of life and its measurement approaches. The empirical part studies the quality of life of six patients and there was chosen a qualitative approach. It was a recorded interview, which was transcribed into a protocol and analysed. It resulted into a theoretical model, which has these parts: Period before the illness, Turning- point, Current state, Memories and Future perspectives. The chosen patients compared their current state, their present quality of life in the way how they experience it during the illness with the quality of life before the illness, and with their view to the future. It was confirmed that polymorbidity had affected their quality of life in all areas. The other group of...
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Transfemoral prostheses and their importance for geriatric patients
Ďurický, Michal ; Bachura, Marek (advisor) ; Šolc, Zdeněk (referee)
Title: Transfemoral prothesis and their importance with geriatric patients Objective: The objective of my work is to gain an overview about transfemoral prothesis and summarize the information about their importance with geriatric patients due to their polymorbid status. Methods: The first part, theoretical, is of finding character, and the second part, practical, gathers information from geriatric patients. Publications, articles and counceling with specialists in prosthetics were used when creating this work. Results: Using transfemoral prothesis with geriatric patients is strongly influenced by their health status and proper rehabilitation. Keywords: geriatric patient, amputation, stump, prothesis, knee joint, sole of foot
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Using of Restraints in the Geriatrics
Lorencovičová, Eva ; Doskočil, Ondřej (advisor) ; Petr, Tomáš (referee)
In consideration of the demographic trends of our population, it is necessary to deal with the old age problems and problems of geriatric patients. The controversial topic of restraints, especially sensitive in association with old frail people, is closely related. The issue of restraints is defined by law. However, the ethical aspects of their application should also be considered. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the topic of old age and serious problems of this period of life, including mental disorders. It introduces the field of geriatrics and geriatric patients. In further chapters, this thesis discusses the restraints and ethical issues related to their use. By using qualitative research methods, the empirical part of this thesis surveys the attitudes of healthcare professionals towards this issue. It discusses specific restraints and the reasons for which they are used. The results show that the most important value of healthcare professionals is health and the most respected ethical principle is the principle of beneficence. Key Words: old age, geriatric patient, health risk, restraints, ethical principle
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Creatine monohydrate as a part of sarcopenia prevention in geriatric patients
Šaier, Martin ; Vágnerová, Tereza (advisor) ; Topinková, Eva (referee)
Introduction: Sarcopenia is a disease with a high prevalence in the elderly population and a significant negative impact on quality of life. Physical activity along with adequate nutritional intervention are key to mitigating these effects. Methods: The research was conducted using a questionnaire survey in which 113 nursing homes participated. The quality of nutritional care in these facilities was determined using a survey. Results: A total of 113 nursing homes were included in the research. Of these, 57% of facilities had a registered dietitian available. Nursing homes assess the presence of malnutrition at least 4 times a year in 74% of cases, of which they most often use changes in weight (80 %) and monitoring of food intake (70 %). Only 50 % of the facilities use validated nutritional screening tool. 83 % of the facilities apply nutritional support, most often in the form of diet modification and sipping (98 %). They use food fortifications less often, in a total of 57 % of facilities. The presence of a registered dietitian is affected by the size of the facility, with the larger ones being available to the registered dietitian at a higher frequency. The presence of a registered dietitian in the facility significantly positively affects the frequency of detection of malnutrition (P = 0.039)....
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The most common fractures of the lower limb in the geriatric patients and their following rehabilitation (physiotherapy)
Římanová, Elen ; Dědková, Miriama (advisor) ; Nováková, Petra (referee)
OF THE THESIS Name: Elen Římanová Supervisor of the thesis: Mgr. Miriama Dědková Consultant of the thesis: Mgr. Miriama Dědková Title of the thesis: The most common fractures of the lower limb in the geriatric patients and their following rehabilitation (physiotherapy) Abstract of the thesis This thesis deal with physiotherapy after fractures of the lower limb in geriatrics patients and problematic of geriatric's patients care. Timely physiotherapy is important at the same way like following physiotherapy for prevention of immobility syndrome. The geriatric patient is threatened by immobility syndrome, because of physiological involute changes. During immobility syndrome is patient limited in restoration of independence. Due to frequent polymormidity of geriatric patient is threating development of another health complications and decondition. Thesis has theoretical and practical part. In theoretical part are described basics of anatomy, kinesiology, types of fractures and their solutions. Bigger part is dedicated to geriatric's problematic and methods of physiotherapy, which I applied. In practical part are processed case report of three patients, which had fractures of lower limb. This patient completed physiotherapy for four weeks, five days in week for 45 minutes. Our target was to achieve...
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Quality of life seniors with inkontinence
Černá, Jana ; Bratová, Andrea (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
Bechelor thesis " Quality of life of the seniors with incontinence" conents two parts, theoretical and empirical. Theoretical part is focused on knowledge about quality of life, old age and urinary incontinence. Its focused on its causes, symptoms, diagnostics, therapy, risk factors and posibilities of nursing care. Empirical part presents outcomes of questionnaire survey made with patiens with urinary incontinence hospitalized at Departement of LDN Bubeneč hospital. Questionnaire survey dealt with influence of urinary incontinence on quality of patients life in several area of daily living.
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